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In essays written jointly by specialists on Soviet and German history, the contributors to this book rethink and rework the nature of Stalinism and Nazism and establish a new methodology for viewing their histories that goes well beyond the now-outdated twentieth-century models of totalitarianism, ideology, and personality. Doing the labor of comparison gives us the means to ascertain the historicity of the two extraordinary regimes and the wreckage they have left. With the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the Soviet Union, scholars of Europe are no longer burdened with the political baggage that constricted research and conditioned interpretation and have access to hitherto closed archives. The time is right for a fresh look at the two gigantic dictatorships of the twentieth century and for a return to the original intent of thought on totalitarian regimes - understanding the intertwined trajectories of socialism and nationalism in European and global history.--

History of Germany and Austria --- History of Eastern Europe --- anno 1930-1939 --- anno 1940-1949 --- Russian Federation --- Germany --- Totalitarianism. --- Soviet Union --- Politics and government. --- Politics and government --- Russia --- Totalitarian state --- Authoritarianism --- Collectivism --- Despotism --- Dictatorship --- Fascism --- National socialism --- Third Reich, 1933-1945 --- Arts and Humanities --- History --- Totalitarisme --- Stalinisme --- National-socialisme --- URSS --- Allemagne --- Politique et gouvernement --- 1933-1945

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This magisterial study proposes a revised and innovative view of the political history of Renaissance Italy. Drawing on comparative examples from across the peninsula and the kingdoms of Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica, an international team of leading scholars highlights the complexity and variety of the Italian world from the fourteenth to early sixteenth centuries, surveying the mosaic of kingdoms, principalities, signorie and republics against a backdrop of wider political themes common to all types of state in the period. The authors address the contentious problem of the apparent weakness of the Italian Renaissance political system. By repositioning the Renaissance as a political, rather than simply an artistic and cultural phenomenon, they identify the period as a pivotal moment in the history of the state, in which political languages, practices and tools, together with political and governmental institutions, became vital to the evolution of a modern European political identity.

323 <45> --- 945.05 --- Binnenlandse politiek--Italië --- Geschiedenis van Italië: stadsstaten; Renaissance--(1300-1492) --- 945.05 Geschiedenis van Italië: stadsstaten; Renaissance--(1300-1492) --- 323 <45> Binnenlandse politiek--Italië --- City-states --- Renaissance --- State, The --- Cities and towns --- Federal government --- Municipal government --- Political science --- History --- Italy --- Politics and government --- History of Italy --- anno 1200-1499 --- anno 1500-1599 --- History. --- Europe --- General. --- Arts and Humanities --- Cités-États --- Italie --- Politique et gouvernement --- 1268-1559 --- Civilisation --- 1200-1550

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The profound changes that took place between 800 and 1100 in the transition from Carolingian to post-Carolingian Europe have long been the subject of vigorous historical controversy. Looking beyond the notion of a 'Feudal Revolution', this book reveals that a radical shift in the patterns of social organisation did occur in this period, but as a continuation of processes unleashed by Carolingian reform, rather than Carolingian political failure. Focusing on the Frankish lands between the rivers Marne and Moselle, Charles West explores the full range of available evidence, including letters, chronicles, estate documents, archaeological excavations and liturgical treatises, to track documentary and social change. He shows how Carolingian reforms worked to formalise interaction across the entire social spectrum, and that the new political and social formations apparent from the later eleventh century should be seen as long-term consequence of this process.

Social change --- Political culture --- Feudalism --- Carolingians --- Changement social --- Culture politique --- Féodalité --- Carolingiens --- History --- Histoire --- Marne River Valley (France) --- Moselle River Valley --- Europe --- Marne-la-Vallée (France) --- Moselle, Vallée de la --- Social conditions --- Social conditions. --- Conditions sociales --- Conditions économiques --- Politics and government --- Marne, Vallée de la (France) --- Moselle, Vallée de la (France) --- Politique et gouvernement --- History. --- Politics and government. --- History of France --- anno 800-1199 --- Féodalité --- Marne-la-Vallée (France) --- Moselle, Vallée de la --- Conditions économiques --- Change, Social --- Cultural change --- Cultural transformation --- Societal change --- Socio-cultural change --- Social history --- Social evolution --- Culture --- Political science --- Feudal tenure --- Civilization, Medieval --- Land tenure --- Land use --- Land use, Rural --- Chivalry --- Estates (Social orders) --- Moselle Valley --- Marne Valley (France) --- Carlovingians --- Carolinians --- Administration --- Arts and Humanities --- Social change - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Political culture - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Feudalism - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Carolingians - France - Marne River Valley - History --- Carolingians - Moselle River Valley - History --- Marne River Valley (France) - Politics and government --- Moselle River Valley - Politics and government --- Marne River Valley (France) - Social conditions --- Moselle River Valley - Social conditions --- Europe - History - 476-1492

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This book tells the story of the Christian religious movement led by Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita in the Kingdom of Kongo from 1704 until her death, by burning at the stake, in 1706. Beatriz, a young woman, claimed to be possessed by St Anthony, argued that Jesus was a Kongolese, and criticized Italian Capuchin missionaries in her country for not supporting black saints. The movement was largely a peace movement, with a following among the common people, attempting to stop the devastating cycle of civil wars between contenders for the Kongolese throne. Thornton supplies background information on the Kingdom, the development of Catholicism in Kongo since 1491, the nature and role of local warfare in the Atlantic slave trade, and contemporary everyday life, as well as sketching the lives of some local personalities.

#SBIB:39A10 --- #SBIB:96G --- Antropologie: religie, riten, magie, hekserij --- Geschiedenis van Afrika --- Vita, Beatriz Kimpa, --- Anthony, --- Congo (Kingdom) --- Congo (Royaume) --- Anthony, of Padua, Saint, 1195-1231 -- Cult -- Kongo Kingdom. --- Christian biography -- Kongo Kingdom. --- Christianity and politics --Kongo Kingdom -- History -- 18th century. --- Vita, Beatriz Kimpa, -1706. --- 266 <675> --- 271.36 <675> --- 299.6*1 --- Missies. Evangelisatie. Zending--Zaïre. Belgisch Kongo --- Minderbroeders: Kapucijnen--Zaïre. Belgisch Kongo --- Nieuwe Afrikaanse godsdiensten: Kimbangisme; messiaanse bewegingen --- Vita, Beatriz Kimpa --- Anthony of Padua, Saint --- -Kongo Kingdom --- -Christian biography --- -Missies. Evangelisatie. Zending--Zaïre. Belgisch Kongo --- -Vita, Beatriz Kimpa --- -Anthony, of Padua, Saint, 1195-1231 -- Cult -- Kongo Kingdom. --- 299.6*1 Nieuwe Afrikaanse godsdiensten: Kimbangisme; messiaanse bewegingen --- 271.36 <675> Minderbroeders: Kapucijnen--Zaïre. Belgisch Kongo --- -299.6*1 Nieuwe Afrikaanse godsdiensten: Kimbangisme; messiaanse bewegingen --- -Arts and Humanities --- -266 <675> --- Christian biography --- Christianity and politics --- History --- Catholic Church --- Cult --- Kongo Kingdom --- Politics and government --- Church history --- Christianity --- Church and politics --- Politics and Christianity --- Politics and the church --- Political science --- Christian life --- Christians --- Church biography --- Ecclesiastical biography --- Biography --- Religious biography --- Political aspects --- Antoine, --- Antoni Padewski, --- Antoni, --- Antonio da Padova, --- Antonio, --- António, --- Antonius, --- Antony, --- Bulhões, Fernando de, --- Bullones, Fernando de, --- Lisboa, António de, --- Martins de Bulhões, Fernando, --- Ontōns, --- Padova, Antonio da, --- Padovas, Ontōns nu, --- Padua, Anthony of, --- Padwy, Antoni z, --- Patavinus, Antonius, --- Anṭūiyūs, --- Chimpa Vita, --- Kimpa Vita Nsimba, --- Vita, Béatrice Kimpa, --- Kingdom of Kongo --- Christian religion --- Religious studies --- anno 1700-1799 --- anno 1600-1699 --- Congo --- Africa --- Biographies chrétiennes --- Christianisme et politique --- Histoire --- Eglise catholique --- Politique et gouvernement --- Histoire religieuse --- Kongo (Kingdom) --- 18th century --- History of Congo --- Antun, --- Arts and Humanities --- Christian biography - Kongo Kingdom --- Christianity and politics - Catholic Church - History - 18th century --- Vita, Beatriz Kimpa, - -1706 --- Kongo Kingdom - Politics and government - 18th century --- Religious communities --- Book

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The break-up of the Ottoman empire and the disintegration of the Russian empire were watershed events in modern history. The unravelling of these empires was both cause and consequence of World War I and resulted in the deaths of millions. It irrevocably changed the landscape of the Middle East and Eurasia and reverberates to this day in conflicts throughout the Caucasus and Middle East. Shattering Empires draws on extensive research in the Ottoman and Russian archives to tell the story of the rivalry and collapse of two great empires. Overturning accounts that portray their clash as one of conflicting nationalisms, this pioneering study argues that geopolitical competition and the emergence of a new global interstate order provide the key to understanding the course of history in the Ottoman-Russian borderlands in the twentieth century. It will appeal to those interested in Middle Eastern, Russian, and Eurasian history, international relations, ethnic conflict, and World War I.

History of Eastern Europe --- History of Southern Europe --- anno 1910-1919 --- anno 1900-1909 --- anno 1800-1899 --- World War, 1914-1918 --- Turkey --- Russia --- Geopolitics --- Foreign relations --- History --- World politics --- Russie --- Rossīi︠a︡ --- Rossīĭskai︠a︡ Imperīi︠a︡ --- Russia (Provisional government, 1917) --- Russia (Vremennoe pravitelʹstvo, 1917) --- Russland --- Ṛusastan --- Russia (Tymchasovyĭ uri︠a︡d, 1917) --- Russian Empire --- Rosja --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- Russia (Territory under White armies, 1918-1920) --- Anatolia --- Anatolie --- Ānātūlī --- Asia Minor --- Asia Minore --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Turk Uls --- Buturuki --- Cộng hoà Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Dēmokratia tēs Tourkias --- Devlet-i Aliye Osmaniye --- Durka --- Durkka dásseváldi --- Gweriniaeth Twrci --- Jamhuri ya Uturuki --- Jamhuuriyada Turki --- Jumhūrīyah al-Turkīyah --- Komara Tirkiyeyê --- Lýðveldið Turkaland --- Lýðveldið Tyrkland --- Orílẹ̀-èdè Olómìnira ilẹ̀ Túrkì --- Osmanlı İmparatorluğu --- Osmanskai︠a︡ Imperii︠a︡ --- Ottoman Empire --- Pobblaght ny Turkee --- Poblacht na Tuirce --- Repóbblica d'l Turchî --- Repubbleche de Turchie --- Repubblica di Turchia --- Republic of Turkey --- Republic of Türkiye --- República da Turquia --- Republica de Turchia --- Republica de Turquía --- Republica Turcia --- Republiek Turkeye --- Republiek Turkije --- Republiek van Turkye --- Republik bu Tirki --- Republik Tierkei --- Republik Turkäi --- Republik Türkei --- Républik Turki --- Republik Turkia --- Republika e Turqisë --- Republika ng Turkiya --- Repùblika Tërecczi --- Republika Turcija --- Republika Turcji --- Republika Turcyje --- Republika Turecko --- Republika Turkiya --- Republika Turkojska --- Republika Turska --- Republika Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Republiḳah ha-Ṭurḳiyah --- Republiken Turkiet --- Republikken Tyrkia --- Republikken Tyrkiet --- République de Turquie --- République turque --- Repuvlika de Turkiya --- Ripablik kya Buturuki --- Ripoliku Turkiyakondre --- T.C. (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti) --- Tagduda n Tturk --- TC --- Teki --- Tëreckô --- Ṭerḳay --- Ṭerḳishe Republiḳ --- Thekhi --- Thỏ̂ Nhĩ Kỳ --- Thú-ngí-khì --- Tiakei --- Tierkei --- Tiki --- Tirki --- Tırkiya --- Tirkiye --- Ti︠u︡rk --- Ti︠u︡rk Respublika --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ --- Ti︠u︡rkii︠a︡ Respublika --- Tlacatlahtocayotl Turquia --- Tʻŏkʻi --- T'ŏk'i Konghwaguk --- Tʼóok Bikéyah --- Torkėjė --- Tȯrkiă --- Törkie --- Törkieë --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ --- Tȯrkii︠a︡ Jȯmḣu̇rii︠a︡te --- Török Köztársaság --- Törökország --- Toruko --- Toruko Kyōwakoku --- Tourkia --- Tourkikē Dēmokratia --- Tturk --- Tu er qi gong he guo --- Tū-ī-gì --- Tū-ī-gì Gê̤ṳng-huò-guók --- Tu'erqi --- Tu'erqi gong he guo --- Tu'erqi Gongheguo --- Tuirc --- Tunkī --- Turchî --- Turchia --- Turchie --- Turchy Respublikæ --- Turcia --- Turcija --- Turcijas Republika --- Turcja --- Turcland --- Turcyjo --- Turechchyna --- Turecká republika --- Turecko --- Tureke --- Turet︠s︡ka Respublika --- Turėtskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Tureuki --- Türgi --- Türgi Vabariik --- Türgü --- Türgü Vabariik --- Turk --- Turkäi --- Turkaland --- Turkamastor --- Türkän --- Turkanʹ respubliksʹ --- Turkee --- Türkei --- Turkeya --- Turkeye --- Turki --- Turkia --- Turkia Respubliko --- Turkieë --- Turkiet --- Turkii --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ --- Tu̇rkii︠a︡ Respublikasy --- Tu̇rkiĭė --- Tu̇rkiĭė Respublikata --- Turkija --- Turkije --- Turkin tasavalta --- Turkio --- Turkiyā --- Turkiya Republika --- Türkiyä Respublikası --- Turkiyah --- Turkiyakondre --- Türkiye --- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti --- Türkiýe Respublikasy --- Turkki --- Turkojska --- Turkowska --- Turkujo --- Turkya --- Turkyah --- Turkye --- Turqia --- Turquía --- Turquie (Repupblic) --- Turska --- Turtchie --- Turt︠s︡i --- Turt︠s︡i Respubliki --- Turt︠s︡iĭ --- Turt︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Turtsyi︠a︡ --- Turukiya --- Tuykia --- Twrci --- Tyrkia --- Tyrkiet --- Tyrkland --- Tẏrt︠s︡i --- Uturuki --- Vysokai︠a︡ Porta --- Whenua Korukoru --- Τουρκική Δημοκρατία --- Τουρκία --- Δημοκρατία της Τουρκίας --- Република Турска --- Република Турция --- Република Турција --- Турска --- Турцыя --- Турци --- Турци Республики --- Турция --- Турција --- Турций --- Турція --- Турчы Республикæ --- Турэцкая Рэспубліка --- Турк --- Туркань республиксь --- Туркамастор --- Турецька Республіка --- Турецка Республіка --- Турецкая Республика --- Туреччина --- Тюрк --- Тюрк Республика --- Тюркия --- Тюркия Республика --- רפובליקה הטורקית --- תורכיה --- טערקישע רעפובליק --- טערקיי --- טורקיה --- تركيا --- جمهورية التركية --- トルコ --- トルコ共和国 --- 土耳其 --- 土耳其共和國 --- 터키 --- 터키 공화국 --- Soviet Union --- Arts and Humanities --- Guerre mondiale (1914-1918) --- Empire ottoman --- Géopolitique --- Turquie --- Relations extérieures --- 1909-1918 (Mehmet V) --- Politique et gouvernement --- 1909-1918 --- 1917 (Révolution) --- 1894-1917 (Nicolas II) --- Caucase --- Eurasie